22 results
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Diagnosis: • hemolytic ... • Compensated hemolysis ... IgM) • Blood smear ... Differential Diagnosis ... #disease #hemolytic
Laboratory Testing in Hemolytic Anemia

Intravascular vs Extravascular Hemolysis
Reticulocytes
Unconjugated bilirubin
LDH
Peripheral smear
Haptoglobin
Urine hemosiderin
Urine hemoglobin
Carboxyhemoglobin

#Hemolytic #Anemia #Laboratory #Testing #workup
Laboratory Testing in Hemolytic ... Extravascular Hemolysis ... LDH Peripheral smear ... Testing #workup #diagnosis ... #hematology #hemolysis
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Hemolytic Anemias ... - Differential Diagnosis ... of anemia and hemolysis ... Abnormal peripheral smear ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... hemoglobinuria) • Cold Agglutinin ... #Autoimmune #Hemolytic ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Diagnostic Framework ... for Hemolysis - ... Intravascular Hemolysis ... . primary cold agglutin ... #differential #diagnosis
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia 1) DIAGNOSE ... reticulocytes • Hemolysis ... C3d • Blood smear ... #Anemia #diagnosis
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hereditary:
 • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History
 •
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Peripheral blood smear ... Immune mediated hemolysis ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Pathophysiology - Warm vs Cold AIHA
Warm AIHA:
 - 70%; IgG mediated
 -
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... or negative - Smear ... C3 positive - Smear ... AIHA #Autoimmune #Hemolytic ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis
Expected DAT Results in Autoimmune Hemolysis
DAT Negative Hemolysis
 • DAT Poly ( - ), IgG (
in Autoimmune Hemolysis ... DAT Negative Hemolysis ... ( +/- ) Cold agglutinin ... DAT #Autoimmune #Hemolysis ... #hematology #diagnosis
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Agglutination - Cold agglutinins ... ARUPConsult @ARUPLabs #Hemolytic ... #Differential #Diagnosis