30 results
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
Modalities for Renal Calculus ... to identify non-calculus ... Useful for non-calculus ... necrosis, polyps. urothelial ... Kidney #stones #calculus
Superficial cells of the urothelium (umbrella cells), different stains and microscopy:
 - Phase contrast
 - Brightfield
Superficial cells of the urothelium ... microscopy #clinical #urothelial
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
Types of Renal Calculi ... heart failure #Calculi ... diagnosis #causes #calculus
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis
Renal:
 - Glomerular - IgA Nephropathy, Thin basement membrane, Alport syndrome,
or other tumor, Calculi ... - Malignancy, Calculi ... Schistomiasis, Malignancy, Calculi
Urothelial Thickening on Renal POCUS
Teenager (female) with flank pain and fever.  POCUS to evaluate for
Urothelial Thickening ... Has urothelial thickening ... pyonephrosis, urothelial ... demonstrated that urothelial ... RJonesSonoEM #Urothelial
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Painful: suggests calculi
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Tubulolnterstitial • Calculi ... • BPH • Calculi
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
POST-RENAL Urinary calculi
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
OBSTRUCTIVE • Urinary calculi
Causes of Urinary Tract Obstruction - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Upper Tract - Bladder NOT distended on ultrasound,
Mass • Urothelial