50 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
water loss, Serum Sodium ... Polyuria scheme) e.g ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
EKG in Acute Pulmonary Embolism
The sensitivity and specificity for EKG findings in acute PE are low.
EKG
in acute PE are low ... evaluating for other causes ... in relation to ECG ... Embolism #AcutePE #diagnosis ... #cardiology #electrocardiogram
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
therapy (MET): e.g ... protein - Low ... sodium diet ... involvement: eyes, TFT, ECG ... Management #Pediatrics #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypertensive ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diet/Lifestyle
 • Fibre
 • Calories
 • Fluid
 • Exercise
 • Psychosocial
Medications
 •
Active Medications (e.g ... Cation Related (e.g ... Aluminum, Calcium, Potassium ... Anticholinergic (e.g ... #Algorithm #Causes
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Polyuria ... solute intake (e.g ... nutrition), Azotemia LOW ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
dialysis indication (e.g ... require urgent nephrology ... : Hypovolemia, Low ... Nephrotoxic drugs (e.g ... #nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Impaired forward flow ... vasoconstriction (e.g ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... consumption • Low ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #potassium #nephrology ... #low