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Causes of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

#Hypercalcemia #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... - Differential ... #Hypercalcemia ... #Differential # ... #Causes
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Hyperkalemia Differential ... R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia ... plasma [K+] #Hyperkalemia ... #causes #potassium ... #high #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid gland function-related ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Milk-alkali syndrome #Hypercalcemia ... #diagnosis #differential
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia ... Beta-Blockers #Hyperkalemia ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #differential # ... causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Differential # ... #low #pathophysiology
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Nephron and their Functions ... organic acids and bases ... filtered Na+/K+/Cl-,• secondary ... #Pathophysiology ... #Tubules #Table
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Redistribution:
 - IV glucose
 - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis
 - IV hyperalimentation
 - Refeeding
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... - Nasogastric suction ... Hyperparathyroidism - Hypercalcemic ... - Primary or secondary ... #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... loss: Nasogastric suction ... Hyperparathyroidism, Hypercalcemic ... states, Primary or secondary ... #differential #
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... , nasogastric suction ... hyperaldosteronism, Secondary ... or induced) #Hypokalemia ... #Causes #differential