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Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... deficit - Salt-losing ... #Hyponatremia #Classification ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Summary of the therapeutic uses of adrenergic agonists
Table of Catecholamine Pressors, Non-Catecholamines, Alpha and Beta Receptor
the therapeutic uses ... of adrenergic agonists ... Table of Catecholamine ... and Therapeutic Uses ... #Alpha #Beta #Table
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Insulin, Beta-Agonist ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Treatment of Stable Narrow-Complex Tachycardia
Regular Rhythm:
 • Attempt vagal maneuvers
 • Give adenosine 6 milligrams IV
Treatment of Stable ... Treat underlying cause ... Treat underlying cause ... #Stable #NarrowComplex ... management #cardiology #algorithm
Drugs for Depression and Anxiety Disorders

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
 • Citalopram, Escitalopram, Fluoxetine, Fluvoxamine, Paroxetine, Sertraline,
5HTIA partial agonist ... • Insomnia (low-dose ... #Medications #Table
Summary of actions of some Cholinergic Agonists

Bethanechol 
• Used in treatment of urinary retention 
• Binds
some Cholinergic Agonists ... Produces miosis during ... #Cholinergic #Agonists ... #Pharmacology #Table
Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs
Benzodiazepines:
 - Bind to specific GABAA receptor subunits at central nervous system (CNS) neuronal synapses
5-HT-Receptor Agonist ... uncertain: - Partial agonist ... also possible - Slow ... pharmacology #comparison #table
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Kidney stones caused ... Vasopressin Receptor Agonist ... V1 receptor-agonist ... shock V2 receptor-agonist ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Causes of Hypokalemia ... ß2-Adrenergic agonists ... Anabolic state ... #Potassium #Classification ... #Causes
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... End-stage renal ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight ... High #Potassium #Classification ... #Causes