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Pathophysiology and Effects of Insulin Deficiency

#Insulin #Deficiency #DKA #Ketoacidosis #Diabetes #Pathophysiology #Endocrinology
Insulin #Deficiency #DKA ... Pathophysiology #Endocrinology
Pathogenesis of Diabetic Ketoacidosis - Insulin deficiency or severe insulin insensitivity 

#DKA #Pathophysiology #Endocrinology #Diabetes #Ketoacidosis
insensitivity #DKA ... Pathophysiology #Endocrinology
Hormonal Secretions of the Adrenal Gland

#Adrenal #Gland #Cortex #Medulla #Hormones #Pathophysiology #Endocrinology
Secretions of the Adrenal ... Gland #Adrenal ... Pathophysiology #Endocrinology
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Ketoacidosis (DKA ... Polydipsia #dka ... pathophysiology #comparison #endocrinology
Structure and function of the Adrenal Glands

#Adrenal #Glands #Function #Hormones #Actions #Pathophysiology #Endocrinology

** GrepMed Recommended Text:
function of the Adrenal ... Glands #Adrenal ... Pathophysiology #Endocrinology
The principal endocrine 'axes' and glands. Parathyroid glands, adrenal zona glomerulosa and endocrine pancreas are not
Parathyroid glands, adrenal ... Endocrine #Axes #Endocrinology
Choice of anticoagulant for treatment of pulmonary embolism
 • Malignancy - LMWH
 • To avoid parenteral
Rivaroxaban; edoxaban; VKA ... coagulopathy - LMWH • Renal ... clearance <30 mL/min - VKA ... of Gl bleed - VKA ... reversal agent - VKA
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
breast, lung, renal ... , adrenal, prostate ... lung cancer • Renal ... Hypercalcemia #Causes #endocrinology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis - Diagnosis and Management Checklist
Diagnosis
Investigations
Phase 1 Management
Phase 2 Management
Phase 3 Management
Special measures
Subsequent Management

#Diabetic #Ketoacidosis
#Ketoacidosis #DKA
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
 • ACTH stimulation test - Synthetic ACTH does not stimulate cortisol secretion because
Primary Adrenal ... dysfunctional adrenal ... inhibition by adrenal ... injury to the adrenal ... diagnosis #testing #endocrinology