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Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Increased Loss ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... causes #potassium #low ... #pathophysiology
Laboratory Evaluation of Patients for Thyroid Disease 
Hyperthyroidism:
 • Graves disease - TSH low; free T4
; normal or increased ... multiple areas of increased ... ; normal or increased ... scan with focal increased ... ; increased; decreased
Diagnosis of Hypokalemia - Differential Algorithm 

Categorized by Causes: Redistribution, Extrarenal Losses, Renal Losses (High and
- Differential Algorithm ... Renal Losses (High ... and Low Blood Pressure ... #Differential #Algorithm
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... TTKG should be high ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... causes #potassium #high ... #pathophysiology
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
transplant - SLE High ... deficiency - Heparin/ LMW ... Ketoconazole Low ... #Hyperkalemia #Algorithm
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
apatite plaque, Low ... urine volume, Increased ... calcium excretion, Increased ... and intestine, Low ... Mycoplasma infections, High
Renal Effect of NSAIDs Inhibition of Prostaglandin Synthesis

 - Renal disease, Cardiovascular disease -> Decreased renal
Decreased renal blood flow ... blood volume -> Increased ... #Pharmacology #Pathophysiology
Neonatal Resuscitation - Preparation and Overview
Preparation:
 - All health professionals dealing with newborn infants should be
attendance at all high-risk ... Re-assess - If no increase ... response - If no increase ... detectable or slow ... detectable or slow
Drugs with Actions on Bronchial Smooth Muscle
Bronchodilation is promoted by cAMP. Intracellular levels of cAMP can
of cAMP can be increased ... agonists, which increase ... theophylline, which slow ... #SmoothMuscle #Pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Increased ß2-adrenergic ... Increased loss ... flow and distal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Classification