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diagnosis differential metabolic alkalosis aniongap calculi calculus classification diuresis diuretics excretion high hypokalemia hyponatremia medications mudpiles nongap potassium respiratory stones
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm Anion gap - MUDPILES: - Methanol (formic
Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm ... Normal anion gap - HARDASS ... Addison disease - Renal ... #MUDPILES #HARDASS ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
oxoproline) • Renal ... Renal acidosis ... Hypokalemia ... Chronic progressive kidney ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... tubal acidosis ... failure Hypervolemia ... #Causes #nephrology
Types of Renal Calculi Calcium oxalate - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
hypercalciuria, Hypercalcemia ... acidosis (type 1 ... amino acids in kidney ... tubular acidosis ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... stones caused by ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology #
Causes of Hyperkalemia l. Pseudohyperkalemia A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Acidosis B. ... Renal resistance ... End-stage renal ... Classification #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Villous adenoma Renal ... chewing tobacco, Renal ... tubular acidosis ... #diagnosis #nephrology
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