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diagnosis renal algorithm aniongap calculi calculus excretion hypokalemia hypomagnesemia hyponatremia low magnesium medications metabolic nongap pharmacology stones table
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
thiazide-like diuretics ... Renal tubular acidosis ... , Osmotic diuresis ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
- Differential ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... with renal tubal acidosis ... Ketonuria, Osmotic diuresis ... #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... irrigation • Management ... Symport (Loop Diuretics ... Kidney stones caused ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
Proximal RTA (type ... (classic) RTA (type ... Potassium-sparing diuretics ... #differential # ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Saline or osmotic diuresis ... • Drugs: Loop diuretics ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology
Types of Renal Calculi Calcium oxalate - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
Renal tubular acidosis ... Renal tubular acidosis ... virus or HIV/AIDS, diuretics ... Renal #stones #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
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