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diagnosis nephrology pharmacology acidosis hypokalemia hypomagnesemia hyponatremia low medications metabolic potassium aniongap anions cardiology classification diuresis drugs excretion gap high
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Nephron and their Functions ... organic acids and bases ... acid and most diuretics ... #Pathophysiology ... #Tubules #Table
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... , nasogastric suction ... , Osmotic diuresis ... #Hypokalemia #Causes ... #differential #
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia Redistribution: - IV glucose - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis - IV hyperalimentation - Refeeding
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... - Nasogastric suction ... Drugs: - Loop diuretics ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes ... #diagnosis #differential
Shock - Pathophysiology Inadequate tissue perfusion to meet O2, nutrient requirements 1. Distributive Shock 2. Hypovolemic Shock 3. Cardiogenic
Shock - Pathophysiology ... Shock #Shock #Pathophysiology ... #differential # ... diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status Hypervolemic hypernatremia - CHF
Classification, Differential ... hyponatremia - Diuretics ... Classification #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... Symport (Loop Diuretics ... Kidney stones caused ... the Nonspecific Cation ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Increased Loss - Increased GI Loss - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Unmeasured Anions Associated with an Elevated Anion Gap and Metabolic Acidosis #Unmeasured #Anions #Gap #Metabolic #Acidosis #Diagnosis
with an Elevated Anion ... Diagnosis #Nephrology #Table ... #Differential # ... Causes
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Metabolic Acidosis Causes ... and chronic) Causes ... Potassium-sparing diuretics ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential
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