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diagnosis nephrology hypokalemia hypomagnesemia low pharmacology potassium acidosis anemia aniongap chronic diarrhea drugs hematology hemolysis hemolytic high hyperkalemia hypomg hyponatremia
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... , nasogastric suction ... , Osmotic diuresis ... #Hypokalemia #Causes ... #differential #
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Nephron and their Functions ... organic acids and bases ... acid and most diuretics ... tubule (DCT) - Active ... #Pathophysiology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia Redistribution: - IV glucose - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis - IV hyperalimentation - Refeeding
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... - Nasogastric suction ... Drugs: - Loop diuretics ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes ... #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... #Causes #nephrology
Shock - Pathophysiology Inadequate tissue perfusion to meet O2, nutrient requirements 1. Distributive Shock 2. Hypovolemic Shock 3. Cardiogenic
Shock - Pathophysiology ... Shock #Shock #Pathophysiology ... #differential # ... diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Increased Loss - Increased GI Loss - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Metabolic Acidosis Causes ... and chronic) Causes ... Potassium-sparing diuretics ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential
Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm and Causes Increased red cell production: • Increased Reticulocytosis/polychromasia • Erythroid
Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm ... and Causes Increased ... Hemolytic #Anemia #Algorithm ... #Differential # ... Causes #Workup #
Causes of Hypomagnesemia • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... loss: Nasogastric suction ... • Drugs: Loop diuretics ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes ... #differential #
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia: • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample! • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Hyperkalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #high #pathophysiology
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