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Effects of Strokes by Location - Anterior vs Posterior Localization

Anterior Circulation 
 - MCA 
 -
Artery #Strokes #Syndromes ... Territory #Symptoms #Signs ... Localization #Effects #Neurology ... #Diagnosis #Table ... Review in Clinical Neurology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... syndrome • Hyponatremia ... Desmopressin (DDAVP) • Central ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
- Nephrotic syndrome ... Acute and chronic kidney ... disease Normovolemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects in Kidney ... limb Gitelman syndrome ... Inherited #Defects #Kidney ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... #Differential #Table
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Peripheral and Central ... Méniére's disease ... (Wallenberg's syndrome ... Syndrome usually ... signs or symptoms
Symptoms and signs of chronic kidney disease.

#Signs #Symptoms #CKD #Chronic #Kidney #Disease #Nephrology

** GrepMed Recommended Text:
Symptoms and signs ... of chronic kidney ... disease. ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Disease #Nephrology
Signs and symptoms of Chronic Kidney Failure (CKD)

#Signs #Symptoms #CKD #Chronic #Kidney #Disease #Nephrology
Signs and symptoms ... of Chronic Kidney ... Failure (CKD) #Signs ... #CKD #Chronic #Kidney ... #Disease #Nephrology
Characteristics of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
 • Onset: Sudden
 • Intensity: Severe initially, often decreasing
Peripheral and Central ... tinnitus (Méniére's disease ... labyrinthitis) CENTRAL ... diagnosis #findings #signs ... symptoms #comparison #neurology
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome ... hypernatremia - DI, Central ... Diagnosis #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Systemic Lupus (SLE) General ... Demyelinating syndromes ... pain (20%) Renal disease ... erythematosus #signs