Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... clinical context and signs ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... β€’ Cardio-renal syndrome ... Acute #Kidney #Injury
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 β€’ Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... (AKI) - Differential ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Pain/Post-op β€’ Neurologic ... β€’ Reduced GFR, AKI ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Differential #
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 β€’ Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
of Acute Kidney Injury ... AKI - Differential ... Impaired forward flow ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Low-normal EABV ... , Low Plasma HCO3 ... Plasma HCO3- β€’ Low ... #potassium #differential ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
volume-based algorithm Urine ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... table #sodium #nephrology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
to Acute Kidney Injury ... (AKI) 1) IS THIS ... : Hypovolemia, Low ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 β€’ Tissue injury
 β€’ Hemolysis
 β€’ Rhabdomyolysis
 β€’
HyperKalemia - Differential ... K+: β€’ Tissue injury ... β€’ Tumor lysis syndrome ... Elimination: β€’ AKI ... blockers - MCW Nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... leukemia Measure Urine ... β€’ Normal or Low ... - Normal or Low ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Management Principles
Prerenal - Correct hemodynamic derangements:
 β€’ If low preload β†’
Acute Kidney Injury ... (AKI) - Management ... derangements: β€’ If low ... Diuretics β€’ If low ... β€’ Hepatorenal syndrome