Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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diagnosis nephrology causes management algorithm workup table hematology hyponatremia clinical comparison gastroenterology pathophysiology urine hepatology physicalexam renal cardiology criticalcare kidney
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Aldosterone: Liddle's Syndrome ... SAME, Cushing Syndrome ... diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrom
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Low intake • poor oral intake Renal loss • Medication • Hypomagnesemia •
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm Low ... • Gitelman's syndrome ... • Bartter's syndrome ... #Differential #
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... acid, Liddle's Syndrome ... R - Cushing's syndrome ... Diuretics, Bartter's syndrome ... , Gitelman's syndrome
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
Aldosterone: Cushing syndrome ... 17alpha-hydroxylase deficiency, Syndrome ... excess, Liddle syndrome ... deficiency, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
↓ Aldosterone: Syndrome ... excess, Liddle's syndrome ... Diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential
Pathophysiology of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS) Tumor Cell Lysis -> Release of DNA • Purines -> Hypoxanthine /
of Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... -> Uric Acid (low ... Urate Nephropathy (low ... • Hyperkalemia ... #TumorLysis #Syndrome
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... • Nephrotic syndrome
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes and Mimics - Differential Diagnosis Framework Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis 90%: -
Syndromes and Mimics ... anti-GBM) 10%: - Low ... Antiphospholipid Syndrome ... differentiation syndrome ... #Renal #Syndromes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential ... Diuretics, Bartter's syndrome ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... acid, Liddle's syndrome ... • Cushing's syndrome
Cancer agents and Electrolyte Disorders • Hypocalcemia: Cisplatin from Low Mg, Cetuximab- due to low Mg Axitinib,
Disorders • Hypocalcemia ... Ifosfamide - Fanconi syndrome ... Trastuzumab • Hypokalemia ... Ifosfamide - Fanconi syndrome ... chemotherapy #diagnosis #differential
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