Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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differential algorithm hyponatremia acute aki casts hypomagnesemia magnesium metabolic workup alkalosis hypokalemia kidney kidneyinjury neurology physicalexam potassium sodium urinary anisocoria
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... microscopy / urinary ... osmolarity If cause ... syndrome: troponin ... #nephrology #causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings • Epithelial cells - Normal • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... also be seen if urine ... - Diagnostic of ... #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial: Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Renal Causes of ... and Gitelman syndrome ... #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Approach to Hypomagnesemia Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
of magnesium = (urine ... serum magnesium x urine ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... suggests extra-renal ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Differential #Microscopy ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... 2-2.5% or 24h Urine ... Malabsorption RENAL ... • Gitelman's syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ADH Independent: • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
- Differential Diagnosis ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... Beer Potomania - Low ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Syndrome ... GI losses • Renal ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
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