The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Neurochemical abnormalities
 • Hyper-vigilance
 • Emotional hyper-arousal
 • Exaggerated startle reflex
 • Anxiety
startle reflex • Anxiety ... StressDisorder #PTSD #BehavioralDisorder ... #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs #psychiatry
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Mechanisms and Side Effects
 • Serotonin Syndrome:
   - Autonomic Hyperactivity:
Akathisia • SSRI Withdrawal ... Serotonin #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology ... #Pharmacology #SideEffects ... #Psychiatry #Diagnosis
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors(SNRIs): Mechanisms and Side Effects

Withdrawal: Dizziness, Diarrhea, Insomnia, Nausea, Vomiting
Serotonin Syndrome - Potentially Life
Side Effects Withdrawal ... SerotoninNorepinephrine #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology ... #Pharmacology #SideEffects ... #Psychiatry #Diagnosis
Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers: Mechanism and Side-effect
Examples: Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine
 • Mild anticholinergic effect -> Drowsiness
decr intake -> Withdrawal ... MoodStabilizers #Mechanism #SideEffects ... #Pathophysiology ... #Psychiatry #Pharmacology
Pathogenesis of Anxiety Disorders

Anxiety Disorders: A maladaptive emotional state causing fear,
worry, and excessive stress, characterized by:
Pathogenesis of Anxiety ... Disorders Anxiety ... acid (GABA) #Anxiety ... #Disorders #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #psychiatry
Alcohol Use Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Tolerance (reduced sensitivity to effects of EtOH)
 •
to use EtOH • Withdrawal ... , seizure, and anxiety ... AlcoholUseDisorder #EtOH #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Psychiatry
Bipolar Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Disruption of emotional homeostasis
 • Oscillation between mood states
mood - Incr withdrawal ... - Incr guilt, anxiety ... MoodDisorders #Diagnosis ... #Pathophysiology ... Signs #Symptoms #Psychiatry
Panic Disorder: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Social Factors
 • Parenting and infant attachment
 • Childhood illness/abuse
 •
carrying anti-anxiety ... #BehavioralDisorder ... #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs #psychiatry
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Symptoms (included in DSM 5 criteria) - Present during
partum onset) - Anxiety ... MoodDisorders #Diagnosis ... #Pathophysiology ... Signs #Symptoms #Psychiatry
Opioid Withdrawal: Clinical Findings and Complications
Note: Opioid withdrawal can be extremely uncomfortable, but is rarely life-threatening
Opioid Withdrawal ... Note: Opioid withdrawal ... Dysphoric mood, anxiety ... #Opiate #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs