The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings

Grading Ligament Sprains
l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
Clinical Findings Grading ... ligament substance leading ... #Sports #MSK #orthopedics ... #Grading #Grades ... #Diagnosis #pathophysiology
Falls: Pathogenesis and Complications
Poly-pharmacy
Disorders affecting movement and balance
 - Sensory deficits
 - Neuromuscular degeneration/Cerebrovascular disease
 -
Pathogenesis and Complications ... Lifestyle #Geriatrics ... #Falls #pathophysiology ... #complications ... #diagnosis
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... PraderWilli #Syndrome #genetics ... #pathophysiology ... #peds #pediatrics
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology ... #genetics #endocrinology ... #peds #pediatrics
Classification of Pelvic Ring Fractures: Mechanisms, Clinical Features and Complications
 • Anterior Posterior Compression (APC) -
Clinical Features and Complications ... Classification #Grades #Grading ... #Orthopedics #MSK ... #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Osteoarthritis (OA): Clinical findings
 • Stimulation of joint nociceptors in subchondral bone -> Pain with loading
bone -> Pain with loading ... Osteoarthritis #OA #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... Fractures #msk #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #orthopedics
Achilles Tendon Rupture - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • The Achilles tendon is 15cm long in
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... TendonRupture #diagnosis ... signs #symptoms #pathophysiology ... #msk #orthopedics
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
Signs / Symptoms / Complications ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... #geriatrics #diagnosis
Retinopathy of Prematurity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Increased metabolic demand of growing eye
-> Excessive VEGF production ->
metabolic demand of growing ... -> Neovascular complications ... branching of vessels leading ... Prematurity #peds #pediatrics ... #pathophysiology