The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings

Grading Ligament Sprains
l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
Clinical Findings Grading ... LowAnkleSprain #Sports #MSK ... #orthopedics #Grading ... #Grades #Diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Stress Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Abnormal biomechanics, Repetitive impact activities
=> Repetitive subthreshold mechanical loading
=> Bone strain
=>
subthreshold mechanical loading ... from continued loading ... StressFractures #msk ... #orthopedics #pathophysiology
Patellofemoral Syndrome - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Knee Pain with possible symptoms of 'catching'
pain • Palpable grinding ... Patellofemoral #Syndrome #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #msk
Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis: Pathogenesis and investigations
Risk Factors:
 - Unclear environmental triggers (may be viral, not
palpation - Vasculitic ... Temporal #Arteritis #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Vasculitis
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Mechanisms and Side Effects
 • Serotonin Syndrome:
   - Autonomic Hyperactivity:
Serotonin #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology ... #SideEffects #Psychiatry ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Gastrointestinal Manifestations
 - Thrombosis of vessels in the pancreas, Vasculitis -> Acute Pancreatitis
the pancreas, Vasculitis ... Complications #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #diagnosis
Alcohol Use Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Tolerance (reduced sensitivity to effects of EtOH)
 •
- Alcohol craving ... AlcoholUseDisorder #EtOH #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Psychiatry
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors(SNRIs): Mechanisms and Side Effects

Withdrawal: Dizziness, Diarrhea, Insomnia, Nausea, Vomiting
Serotonin Syndrome - Potentially Life
SerotoninNorepinephrine #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology ... #SideEffects #Psychiatry ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Disc Herniations - Pathogenesis and Complications
• 90% of Lumbar disc herniations happen at L4/5 and L5/S1
•
-> Mechanical loading ... complications #msk ... #pathophysiology
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Neurochemical abnormalities
 • Hyper-vigilance
 • Emotional hyper-arousal
 • Exaggerated startle reflex
 • Anxiety
BehavioralDisorder #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs #psychiatry