The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Hormonal alterations (result of aging process)
    ->
Inflammation: Incr tissue injury ... chronic renal injury ... Pathophysiology #Urology ... Signs #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
below level of injury ... spinal artery injury ... below level of injury ... #Syndromes #diagnosis ... #orthopedics #neurology
Acute Rheumatic Fever: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Delayed autoimmune reaction
-> Molecular mimicry
-> GAS antigen cross-reacts with host
->
cells -> Tissue injury ... Pancarditis and valvular injury ... pathophysiology #diagnosis
Myelopathy - Injury to the entire spinal cord - Signs and Symptoms
 • Ataxia (early sign)
Myelopathy - Injury ... #Myelopathy #diagnosis
Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings

Grading Ligament Sprains
l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
most commonly injured ... the CFL is also injured ... (uncommonly injured ... PTFL is rarely injured ... Grading #Grades #Diagnosis
Open Fractures: Mechanisms, Clinical Features and Complications
Gustilo-Anderson Classification:
 • Type I
   - Wound <
Typically "inside out" injury ... Open #Fractures #Diagnosis
Classification of Pelvic Ring Fractures: Mechanisms, Clinical Features and Complications
 • Anterior Posterior Compression (APC) -
possible vascular injury ... - Type 1 or 2 injury ... Orthopedics #MSK #diagnosis
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
Avulsion or shearing injury ... Fractures #msk #diagnosis
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
causes direct injury ... Pathophysiology #Diagnosis
Clavicular Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Group I (69%) - Middle third (mid-shaft)
Group II (29%) - Distal
the mechanism of injury ... Fracture #Grading #Diagnosis