32 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... urine sediment Microscopic ... urine sediment by microscopy ... → Diagnostic of ... microscopic and
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... cells on urine microscopy ... • Anti-GBM antibodies ... with polyangiitis/microscopic
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... • Anti-GBM antibodies ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Hepatorenal syndromes ... Glomerulonephritis • Anti-GBM antibodies ... polyangiitis /microscopic
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ... • Sjögren syndrome ... Vasculitis: • Microscopic ... Antineutrophil #antibodies ... #diagnosis #rheumatology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... Casts • Hyaline ... suggestive of nephrotic sydnrome ... #Urine #Microscopy ... interpretation #diagnosis
Autoantibodies and their Disease Associations
ANA - Non-specific; common in SLE, autoimmune hepatitis
Anti-CCP, Rheumatoid factor - RA
Anti-dsDNA
La) - Sjogren's syndrome ... Microscopic polyangiitis ... Goodpasture's syndrome ... Associations #diseases #diagnosis ... #rheumatology #antibodies
Causes of Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Massive Hemoptysis (>I00 mL in 24 hours)
 • Malignancy
 •
Causes of Hemoptysis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Goodpasture's Syndrome ... polyangiitis / microscopic ... #Algorithm #Causes
Borrelia recurrentis on Peripheral Blood Smear
23M Somali refugee recently arrived w/severe abd pain, confusion and fever
resolved after 2-3d ... Syndrome: 3d of ... LBRF can be diagnosed ... and convalescent antibodies ... recurrentis #BloodSmear #microscopy
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... dipstick, urine microscopy ... osmolarity If cause ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #nephrology #causes