35 results
Causes of Cystic Renal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign - Anechoic on ultrasound, Well-demarcated on ultrasound/CT,
Causes of Cystic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Cystic #RenalMass #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
radiation dose Ultrasound ... non-invasive - High ... for non-calculus causes ... scan) when an ultrasound ... Calculi #Renal #Kidney
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
in kidney and intestine ... - Antiviral treatment ... herpes virus or HIV/AIDS ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #calculus
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS)
Complication of invasive GAS disease characterized by shock & MOF → occurs
GAS in 30% of cases ... 50% in nec fasc Diagnostic ... involvement (2+): kidneys ... , liver, lung/ARDS ... #management #diagnosis
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
and Management ... • Most common cause ... seen • Chest CT ... #differential #causes ... #management #treatment
Hepatic Encephalopathy - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Definition:
 • Alteration in brain function manifested by neuropsychiatric symptoms
and Management ... rule out other causes ... of neurologic/cognitive ... branched chain amino acids ... #Management #treatment
Streptocccus Pneumoniae
Microbiology: Gram Positive, Alpha-hemolytic, Catalase Negative
Epidemiology - 10% adult carriers:
 • Most common cause of:
• Most common cause ... CXR, ENT exam, CT ... Specificity of 97%) Treatment ... Macrolide (addition might ... #management
IgG4-Related Disease
Clinical history:  Man, 60 years, multiorgan involvement, unique or multiple inflammatory pseudotumor
4 phenotypes:
 •
, lymph node), high ... concentration PET-CT ... Imaging (→ Diagnostic ... lesions, meninges, kidneys ... #management #phenotypes
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Infection in HIV / AIDS ... Antimicrobial treatment ... enhancement on CT ... Demyelinating disease caused ... #AIDS #opportunistic
Myasthenia Gravis - Summary
 • an autoimmune disease of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction associated with antibodies
More likely to cause ... undergo chest CT ... glucocorticoids - can cause ... exacerbation at high ... #management #neurology