25 results
Indications for Parathyroidectomy in Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • All patients with symptomatic PHPT
 • Serum calcium 1
Parathyroidectomy in Primary Hyperparathyroidism ... with symptomatic PHPT ... #Indications #PHPT ... #endocrinology ... #management #Hyperparathyroidism
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
hypocalcemia: - Hypoparathyroidism ... Chronic kidney disease ... Laboratory #Levels #Hyperparathyroidism ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Impact and Challenges With Vitamin D to Treat Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Treat Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ... Chronic Kidney Disease ... - Suppresses SHPT ... VitaminD #Secondary #Hyperparathyroidism ... CKD #Nephrology #Management
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High Phosphate
LOW PHOSPHATE
 - Low/NormaI PTH
Hepatobiliary Disease ... NormaI PTH • Hypoparathyroidism ... Low PTH • Hypoparathyroidism ... Chronic Kidney Disease ... Algorithm #Phosphate #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
type 2A, familial hyperparathyroidism ... Granulomatous disease ... Other endocrine diseases ... immobilization, Jansen disease ... Differential #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Hypocalcemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 - Magnesium deficiency
 - Hypoparathyroidism 
 - Hypoalbuminemia (Pseudohypocalcemia)
 - Vitamin D
deficiency - Hypoparathyroidism ... chronic kidney disease ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Algorithm Primary Hyperparathyroidism ... and 2A Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism ... Metastatic Bone Disease ... Granulomatous Disease ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
resorption: • Primary hyperparathyroidism ... failure, Addison's disease ... Granulomatous diseases ... calcium #high #endocrinology
Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift:
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 • Tumor Lysis
 • Metabolic or Respiratory Acidosis
20%: • Renal Disease ... • Hypoparathyroidism ... • Pseudo-hypoparathyroidism ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
normal): • Primary Hyperparathyroidism ... Granulomatous Disease ... Algorithm #causes #endocrinology