19 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Primary and Secondary ... Rheumatic fever, Infective ... endocarditis, Myxomatous ... endocarditis, Ring ... #differential #diagnosis
Bone Tumor Location within the Skeleton

Epiphysis: 
Only a few lesions are located in the epiphysis, so
Bone Tumor Location ... degenerative subchondral bone ... #Bone #Tumor #Location ... Epiphysis #Radiology #MSK ... Bony
Vascular Joint Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
 - Constant Pain (Ischemia)
 - Acute Onset
 -
Infective Endocarditis ... fractured long bone ... • Dislocated Bone ... Vascular #JointPain #MSK ... #Differential #
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
Hemoptysis - Differential ... Parenchyma: • Infection ... • Valvular (Mitral ... stenosis or regurgitation ... , Tricuspid endocarditis
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Decreased Production:
 - Drugs (chemo, yang, sulfa, acetaminophen, NSAIDs, quinine,
Thrombocytopenia - Differential ... quinine, etc) - Viral ... folate def - Bone ... infiltration: malignancy, infection ... valve replacement, endocarditis
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
stenosis - Infective ... /marantic endocarditis ... body, tip usually ... #Mitral #Regurgitation ... Primary #Functional #Differential
Causes of Leukocytosis and Leukopenia - Differential Diagnosis
 • Eosinophilia (AEC > 500, hypereosinophilia > 1500):
of Leukocytosis and ... Leukopenia - Differential ... Eosinophilia (AEC ... Drugs, Autoimmune, Bone ... Leukocytosis #Leukopenia #Differential
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Pulse Pressure - Differential ... Heart Failure • Infective ... Endocarditis ... • Mitral Regurgitation ... • Mitral Stenosis
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... chordae Severe mitral ... Whipple's disease Infective ... endocarditis (vegetations ... Causes #diagnosis #differential
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Endocarditis Summary ... mitral regurgitation ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Marantic: Emboli > Regurgitation