28 results
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Causes of Chronic ... Kidney Disease ... 3 months Pre-Renal ... Family history, ultrasound ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
- Acute and chronic ... kidney disease ... Drugs - SIADH Renal ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Extravascular: Pancreatitis, surgery, acute phosphate intake and renal
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... phosphate intake and renal ... Pseudohypoparathyroidism, Chronic ... Kidney Disease ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Renal Infarction on POCUS

An illustrative case of renal infarction: Note that there is almost no color
Renal Infarction ... An illustrative case ... upper half of the kidney ... POCUS #clinical #ultrasound ... #kidney
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
sensitivity in kidneys ... cisplatin) - Chronic ... hypercalcemia - Chronic ... diseases (e.g. renal ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... liver cirrhosis, chronic ... stones caused by ... Inhibitors of Renal ... #Diuretics #Renal
Normal prominent medullary pyramids on renal POCUS
No hydronephrosis. Has prominent medullary pyramids. They can appear markedly
medullary pyramids on renal ... markedly hypoechoic (labeled ... they taper toward renal ... #kidney #POCUS ... #clinical #ultrasound
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... breast, lung, renal ... lung cancer • Renal ... Pheochromocytoma Chronic ... kidney disease
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
oxoproline) • Renal ... failure (acute and chronic ... Renal acidosis ... Chronic progressive ... kidney disease
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS) - Diagnostic Criteria
HRS-AKI (Acute: previously known as HRS Type 1)
 • ↑ Creatinine
haematuria, Normal renal ... ultrasound HRS-NAKI ... - No other cause ... of kidney disease ... - No other cause