107 results
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Common Patterns on Urinalysis
 - Prerenal
 - ATN
 - AIN
 -
- Prerenal - ATN ... - AIN - UTI ... - Nephrotic Syndrome ... - Nephritic Syndrome ... table #comparison #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... C3/C4, Other • ATN ... Pigment, Protein) • AIN ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Urine Specific Gravity - Interpretation
Specific Gravity = Density of urine / Density of water
SG close to
resistance to ADH) • ATN ... SG fixed at ~1.010 ... Dehydration • SIADH (syndrome ... #differential #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Capillary leak syndrome ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... Cisplatin • ATN ... Methotrexate • AIN ... Classification #Nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Familial: Bartter syndrome ... and Gitelman syndrome ... Diuretic phase of ATN ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
AKI) What to ask ... Liano 1996) - ATN ... CKD— 13% (mostly ATN ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology
Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR)

This primitive reflex found in newborn babies that normally vanishes around 4
Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR ... #Fencing #ATNR ... clinical #video #Neurology
Parkinson's Plus Syndromes - Atypical Parkinsonism
Main motor symptoms:
 • Tremors
 • Limb rigidity
 • Bradykinesia
Other symptoms
Parkinson's Plus Syndromes ... Parkinson's plus syndrome ... system atrophy (MSA ... • Corticobasal syndrome ... Parkinsonism #diagnosis #neurology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Aldosterone: Liddle's Syndrome ... SAME, Cushing Syndrome ... diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrom ... potassium #low #nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... Injury/Necrosis (ATN ... Interstitial Nephritis (AIN ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology