23 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Syndrome Step ... /nephritic syndromes ... hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... #Nephrotic #Syndromes ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Nephrology #Differential
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... syndromeUrine ... SatyaPatelMD #Volume #Hyponatremia ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... liver failure, nephrotic ... syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... , UNa < 20 • Nephrotic ... Cardiac failure #Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... treat underlying cause ... CHF, cirrhosis, nephrotic ... syndrome) Euvolemic ... Algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... tubulointerstitial nephritis ... syndrome ("Maltese ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Microscopy #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... • Interstitial nephritis ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes