29 results
diagnosis differential hypokalemia hyponatremia alkalosis hyperkalemia metabolic management nongap pediatrics urine chloride classification epilepticus hypotonic intercellularshift k kidney metabolicacidosis metabolicalkalosis
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Differential Algorithm ... low, uric acid ... high in hypovolemic ... low in euvolemic ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Acid → SIADH - High ... Uric Acid → renal ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Extra-renal Losses ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... Renovascular HTN, Renin ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Inadequate water intake: • Lack of access to water Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... perspiration Renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #high
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm ... Normal, Renin High ... hypoplasia Aldosterone high ... Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis #algorithm ... #nephrology #potassium
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... >145 mmol/L High ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm GI Losses - Gastric • Vomiting • NG suction GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Renin, High Aldosterone ... Tumor Low Renin ... Renin, Low Aldosterone ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ADH Independent: • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Beer Potomania - Low ... Treat with a high ... #causes #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... • Euvolemic (Low ... , Ingestion Renal ... #nephrology #sodium
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... SatyaPatelMD #Volume #Hyponatremia ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
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