19 results
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Hyperkalemia • Direct renin ... Aliskiren) • Renin ... #hyperkalemia #differential ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Metolazone) 5) Potassium-sparing ... nephron #diuretics #pharmacology ... #nephrology #medications
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Decreased renal potassium ... Diabetic Nephropathy Renin ... Normal, Renin High ... Diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology ... #potassium #differential
Potassium Channel Blockers - Medications
1. Cardiovascular Drugs
2. Psychiatric drugs
3. Other drugs
4. Synthetic opioids: Levomethadyl 
5. Opium
Potassium Channel ... Blockers - Medications ... ChannelBlockers #Medications ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Pharmacology
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Chlorthalidone POTASSIUM-SPARING ... #Diuretics #Medications ... #Pharmacology # ... summary #table #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Renovascular HTN, Renin ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... Pressure: - ↑ Renin ... tumor - ↓ Renin ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... artery stenosis, Renin ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium ... #differential # ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... renovascular HT, Renin-secreting ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium