19 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Syndrome Step ... /nephritic syndromes ... the patient have glomerular ... hematuria (RBC casts ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... mimics, repeat testing ... • Acute onset ... • Evidence of glomerular ... if cause not identified
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... , Anti-ds-DNA, C3 ... • Interstitial nephritis ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... to Acute Interstitial ... Nephritis When ... #AIN #Algorithm ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Recommended initial testing ... C3, C4 - Test for ... infections are common causes ... #testing #workup ... #nephritic #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome ... - TTP/HUS • Glomerular ... tubular necrosis (causes ... interstitial nephritis ... Classification #diagnosis #nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Algorithm - Approach ... hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... #Algorithm #differential ... #syndrome #nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... • Drugs Glomerular ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Cerebral salt wasting ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... , UNa < 20 • Nephrotic ... #Causes #nephrology
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
formation along glomerular ... complement pathway • C3 ... anti-phospholipid syndrome ... glomerulopathy, radiation nephritis ... Glomerulonephritis #MPGN #nephrology