17 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Hypercalcemia ... histoplasmosis) • Milk (calcium ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #calcium ... #high #endocrinology
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup ... - Differential ... Pancreatitis, Sepsis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #calcium
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Differential Diagnosis ... Elevated PTH (High ... Bony Mets - Calcium ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #causes #endocrinology
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High Phosphate
LOW PHOSPHATE
 - Low/NormaI PTH
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... Activating Mutation in Calcium ... Poisoning #Hypocalcemia ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #Phosphate #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
Hypercalcemia Evaluation ... PTH - Frankly high ... #workup #differential ... #diagnosis #endocrinology ... #calcium #elevated
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis ... Syndrome - Calcium ... Pancreatitis, Blood ... Diagnosis #Management #endocrinology ... #differential #
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... Potassium-rich diet • Blood ... Normal, Renin High ... Diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology ... #potassium #differential
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... - Differential ... glycosides • High ... dietary intake • Blood ... blockers - MCW Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... Crush injury • Blood ... #differential # ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Algorithm and Differential ... Investigations: full blood ... ultrasonography, serum calcium ... including blood ... #Diagnosis #nephrology