27 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Urinalysis >3 RBCs ... repeat testing • Acute ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... for renal biopsy ... #blood #urine
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Disease Associations ... are seen in acute ... broad - Advanced kidney ... disease Red blood ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Acute Kidney Injury ... Light chain (LC) cast ... gammopathy of renal ... • Hematologic ... malignancies Treatment
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Kidney Injury ( ... • Sepsis • Blood ... • Inflammatory disease ... #Kidney #Injury ... #Differential #Nephrology
NSAIDS and their effects on the Kidney - Pathophysiology

Arachidonic Acid metabolites into alternative pathways that modify
effects on the Kidney ... Minimal Change Disease ... blood flow: Pre ... immune reaction • Acute ... KidneyDisease #nephrology
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
carcinoma (native kidney ... , Busulfan • Disease ... #blood #urine # ... management #treatment ... #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... Torsemide) • Acute ... hyperaldosteronism • Acute ... Prevention of blood ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment
Basophilia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Basophils < 1% of the total white blood cell count
Basophils function similarly
the total white blood ... attack Is It A Real ... translocation • Acute ... Colitis and Crohn’s Disease ... Diagnosis #causes #hematology
IgG4-Related Disease
Clinical history:  Man, 60 years, multiorgan involvement, unique or multiple inflammatory pseudotumor
4 phenotypes:
 •
IgG4-Related Disease ... pancreas, biliary, renal ... lesions, meninges, kidneys ... hypergammaglobulinemia, ↑ acute ... #rheumatology
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
proteinuria as a disease ... • Urinary casts ... used with normal renal ... Acute Kidney Injury ... Acute Tubular Necrosis