15 results
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
Types of Renal Calculi ... amino acids in kidney ... recessive genetic disease ... stones #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Kidney Injury ( ... • Inflammatory disease ... Urinary calculi ... /phimosis #Diagnosis ... #Acute #Kidney
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis
Renal:
 - Glomerular - IgA Nephropathy, Thin basement membrane, Alport syndrome,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Renal: - Glomerular ... Medullary sponge kidney ... necrosis, Sickle cell disease ... #Causes #urology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Kidney Injury AKI ... - Differential Diagnosis ... thromboembolism, renal ... OBSTRUCTIVE • Urinary calculi ... #nephrology
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
- Differential Diagnosis ... t-PA, heparin Acute ... Shift: • Lactic acidosis ... , DKA Kidney Disease ... CKD Increased Renal
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Acute Kidney Injury ... LC deposition disease ... gammopathy of renal ... malignancies Treatment ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
failure (acute ... Renal acidosis ... Chronic progressive kidney ... disease Ill. ... #differential #diagnosis
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... hyperreactivity • Urologic ... Torsemide) • Acute ... stones caused by ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Metabolic Causes of Kidney ... Stones in Children ... Tubular Acidosis ... Syndrome), Dent's disease ... #diagnosis
IgG4-Related Disease
Clinical history:  Man, 60 years, multiorgan involvement, unique or multiple inflammatory pseudotumor
4 phenotypes:
 •
IgG4-Related Disease ... pancreas, biliary, renal ... lesions, meninges, kidneys ... hypergammaglobulinemia, ↑ acute ... maintenance with GCs