43 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential ... Sodium >145 mmol/L High ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Polyuria - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Partial Dl • Chronic ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
Tubulointerstitial diseases - Urinary ... transplant - SLE ... High Renin - ... #Hyperkalemia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... Volume (MCV) - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Infection) High ... #Anemia #MCV #Classification
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary ... Chloride Algorithm ... the indicated causes ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Breast Discharge - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hormone Intake • Chronic ... TSH • Primary ... Endocrinology #Causes
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
GI Absorption: Chronic ... Diarrhea, Antacids ... Inappropriately High ... • N Vitamin D: Primary ... #nephrology #phosphorus
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... net charge) • Diarrhea ... RTA Type II • Carbonic ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Laxative use • Diarrhea ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... losses: • High ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology