45 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... Differential Diagnosis ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... Vomiting - Diarrhea ... #Differential #
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... , Gitelman syndrom ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... potassium #low #nephrology
TABLE 2. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) sub-classifications
lBS-diarrhoea (IBS-D)
 - >25% loose or watery stools; <25% hard
Irritable bowel syndrome ... (IBS) sub-classifications ... lBS-diarrhoea ... lumpy stools - Symptoms ... - Symptoms often
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... • Refeeding syndrome ... losses (NG suction, diarrhea ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
losses - Chronic diarrhea ... - Gitelman syndrome ... - Hungry bones syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... Magnesium #Table #Classification
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... Stress, Drugs, Syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Clinical Manifestations of Serotonin Syndrome
 • Ophthalmologic: Mydriasis, Ocular clonus (slow horizontal movements)
 • Gastrointestinal: Diarrhea,
Clinical Manifestations ... of Serotonin Syndrome ... Gastrointestinal: Diarrhea ... shock) Spectrum of Clinical ... #Symptoms #spectrum
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... Malabsorption, Chronic diarrhea ... Tumor genesis syndrome ... Hypophosphatemia #Differential ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea ... Tumor Genesis Syndrome ... Hypophosphatemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection (PIMS-TS)
Clinical features
all: fever > 101.3 F
most: oxygen
Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome ... infection (PIMS-TS) Clinical ... abdominal pain, diarrhea ... #Inflammatory #Syndrome ... diagnosis #Signs #Symptoms