43 results
Phosphate Binders - Pros and Cons

Calcium carbonate (TumsTM) 
 - Most inexpensive, antacid properties useful for
less GI calcium absorption ... Low pill burden. ... Low pill burden ... #Table #Comparison ... #Pharmacology #Nephrology
Characteristics of Commonly Used Phosphate Binders 
Aluminum 
 - Potent and effective 
 - Useful for
Used Phosphate Binders ... Lowers level of low-density ... increased risk of low ... #Phosphate #Binders ... #Table #Comparison
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Decreased intake/absorption ... Malabsorption, Phosphate binder ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypercalcemia Low ... - Calcium Reabsorption ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #endocrinology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Appropriately Low ... • Decreased GI Absorption ... Antacids, Phosphate Binders ... #nephrology #phosphorus
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
diarrhea, Poor absorption ... Antacids, Phosphorus binders ... • Normal or Low ... - Normal or Low ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... filling of bucket (low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
pressure - Normal/low ... Serum albumin - Low ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Nephritic #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... MGUS - Poor reabsorption ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes