20 results
Causes of Dementia / Cognitive Impairment - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Affecting Multiple Domains
 • Depression
 • Delirium
Decline
Causes of Dementia ... - Treatable Causes ... deficiency • Hypothyroidism ... #Neurology #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... • SIADH • hypothyroidism ... Workup #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... treat underlying cause ... CKD, Thiazides, Hypothyroidism ... Algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology ... #sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia ... Medications (diuretics), Hypothyroidism ... Algorithm #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... administration #Hypernatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... acid <4 • SIADH, Hypothyroidism ... SatyaPatelMD #Volume #Hyponatremia ... algorithm #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Reversible Neurocognitive Disorders (Reversible Causes of "Dementia")
 • Structural/Mass: Subdural Hematoma, NPH, Intracranial tumor
 • Infection:
Disorders (Reversible Causes ... of "Dementia") ... Endocrine: Hypo/hyperthyroidism ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Hormonal changes • Hypothyroidism ... osmole intake #Hyponatremia ... #Nephrology #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Hormonal changes • Hypothyroidism ... osmole intake #Hyponatremia ... #Nephrology #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... • Euvolemic - Hypothyroidism ... thecurbsiders #Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology