18 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... (late) • High Urine ... #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... #Causes
Granular & “Muddy Brown” Casts on Urine Microscopy
A. Finely granular cast B. slightly coarser granular cast
on Urine Microscopy ... granular cast C. ... fine (f), coarse (c) ... appreciated at low ... #Clinical #Nephrology
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
Hypomagnesemia #algorithm ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... urine volume ... Nephrolithiasis #Nephrology ... #Causes
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
Causes of Polyuria ... - Differential ... • Central Dl (Low ... www.youtube.com/c/ ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical ... Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... Loss (Negative urine ... Cell Problem - Low ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology ... #low
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... nephron - TTKG > 7, Urine ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology ... #Causes