41 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Hemolytic Anemias ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypersplenism, Infection ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
cold agglutin disease ... Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection ... e.g. sickle cell disease ... spherocytosis) • Infections ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... inclusions - If infection ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #workup #hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hereditary:
 • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History
 •
Hemolytic Anemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... malignancy, autoimmune disease ... Fevers, DAT (-) → Infection ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Intravascular Hemolysis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... circulation - Infections ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Differential Diagnosis Table ... Cold Agglutinin Disease ... #Autoimmune #Hemolytic ... #hematology
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
Algorithmic Approach ... -100): • Non-hemolytic ... anemia, CKD • Hemolytic ... Macroangiopathic, Infections ... Non-megaloblastic: Liver disease
Causes of Splenomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infectious
 • Bacterial
 • Viral (EBV)
 • Parasitic
 • Fungal
Congestive
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Infectious • ... Serum Sickness Hemolytic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... > 10, no more hemolysis ... esp if severe disease ... Polyclonal: - Infection ... Treatment #management #hematology
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Bleeding • Hemolysis ... Inflammation, Chronic Infection ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Hematology