18 results
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia:
 • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated
 • Etiology:
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune ... Immunosuppression, Splenectomy Cold ... BostonChiefs #Warm #Cold ... #Anemia #hematology ... #diagnosis #comparison
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Causes of Extravascular ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Warm AIHA • Cold ... Complement-Mediated • Cold ... #Causes #Hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... AIHA (48-70%) Cold ... HA (paroxysmal cold ... hemoglobinuria) • Cold ... #hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Pathophysiology - Warm vs Cold AIHA
Warm AIHA:
 - 70%; IgG mediated
 -
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) Pathophysiology ... - Warm vs Cold ... Smear: spherocytes Cold ... #diagnosis #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... Autoimmune (AIHA)"Cold ... (e.g. primary cold ... Extravascular #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Diagnosis for Hemolytic ... Anemia Intrinsic Causes ... • AIHA: warm, cold ... udaygulati #Hemolytic ... classification #hematology
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Artery Disease • Stable ... • Asthma • COPD ... Pneumonia • ARDS • COPD
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Agglutination - Cold ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #workup #hematology
Cold Urticaria
Prevalence - 0.05% in the population
Disease onset - Mostly 2nd to 4th decades of life
Causes
Cold Urticaria Prevalence ... decades of life Causes ... skin contact with cold ... minutes after the cold ... #table
Causes of Sore Throat / Rhinorrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Common viral pathogens: Rhinovirus, Coronavirus, Influenza virus,
Causes of Sore Throat ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... : Group A Beta Hemolytic ... • Acute Head Cold ... #causes #primarycare