19 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... resorption: • Primary ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #calcium ... #high #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
or normal): • Primary ... Bony Mets - Calcium ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
Evaluation 1) Clinical ... clues - Is the ... → Primary hyperapara ... differential #diagnosis #endocrinology ... #calcium #elevated
Rachitic Rosary of Rickets on Physical Exam

Bead-like prominences of bone are seen at the costochondral joints.
A lack of calcium ... mineralization causes ... #PhysicalExam #clinical ... VitaminD #deficiency #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... structure-related • Primary ... Lithium use • Calcium-sensing ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... #endocrinology
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Deprivation • Primary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes #pediatrics
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Diagnosis Algorithm Clinical ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... baseline ACTH - Primary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
ultrasonography, serum calcium ... Optional: urinary ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Graves Disease - Autoimmune Hyperthyroidism
Epidemiology: Most common cause of hyperthyroidism, Incidence peaks at 30-50
Diagnosis: 
1 )
Epidemiology: Most common cause ... Diagnosis: 1 ) Primary ... Clinical Presentation ... diagnosis #management #endocrinology
The Chvostek sign (/ˈkvɒstɪk/) is a clinical sign of existing nerve hyperexcitability (tetany) seen in hypocalcemia.It
ˈkvɒstɪk/) is a clinical ... hyperventilation, which causes ... with a normal calcium ... PhysicalExam #Video #Clinical ... #endocrinology