37 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic ... hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... Syndrome #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
→ Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified ... #Workup #urology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... Algorithm and Differential ... Interstitial nephritis ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Lupus Nephritis Classification Algorithm

#Lupus #Nephritis #Classification #Algorithm #diagnosis #differential #types #rheumatology #nephrology #renal
Lupus Nephritis ... Classification Algorithm ... #Lupus #Nephritis ... differential #types #rheumatology ... #nephrology #renal
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... GI losses • Renal ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... GI losses • Renal ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Na <20: Extra-renal ... Na >30: Renal losses ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Chronic interstitial nephritis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... , renal tuberculosis ... Fatty - Nephrotic ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Microscopy #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Diagnosis and Workup ... liver failure • nephrotic ... syndrome • renal ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology