1709 results
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
BAL → confirm DAH ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Nephron Pathophysiology - Diuretic Sites of Action
Diuretics
1) Acetazolamide/canagliflozin
2) Osmotic agents (mannitol, urearetics)
3) Loop agents (eg, furosemide)
4)
antagonists 6) ADH ... Sites #Action #nephrology
Pathophysiology of The Nephron - Electrolyte and Water Exchange

The nephron — electrolyte and water exchange. 
180
of sodium per day ... of sodium per day ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Inappropriate ADH ... physiologic stimulus to ADH ... 100 mmol/kg - ADH ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Hepatorenal Syndrome Treatment
Volume expansion: 
 • Albumin (typical dose = 1g/kg on day 1 +/- day
dose = 1g/kg on day ... 1 +/- day 2, followed ... by 20-40 g/day ... management #HRS #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Inappropriate ADH ... physiologic stimulus to ADH ... 100 mmol/kg - ADH ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Comparison of Causes of Salt-Wasting in Infancy
 - PHA 1
 - PHA 3
 - 21-OH CAH
PHA 3 - 21-OH CAH ... diagnosis #pediatrics #nephrology
Blood Pressure Management for Neurologic Emergencies
 - SAH 
 - ICH 
 - TBI 
 -
Emergencies - SAH ... #CVA #Stroke #Neurology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Diagnosis Algorithm ADH ... ADH Dependent: ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Urine Specific Gravity - Interpretation
Specific Gravity = Density of urine / Density of water
SG close to
resistance to ADH ... inappropriate ADH ... #differential #nephrology