27 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Hemolytic Anemias ... Reticulocytes • Abnormal ... : • Autoimmune ... Hemolytic Anemias ... Hemolytic Anemias
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia:
 • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated
 • Etiology:
Hemolytic Anemia ... Hemolytic Anemia ... Hemolytic Anemia ... #Hemolytic #Anemia ... #hematology #diagnosis
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Pathophysiology - Warm vs Cold AIHA
Warm AIHA:
 - 70%; IgG mediated
 -
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) Pathophysiology ... IgG mediated - DAT ... IgM mediated - DAT ... #Hemolytic #Anemia
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) - ... Mixed-type AIHA (7-8%) DAT-negative ... #Hemolytic #Anemia ... Diagnosis #Table #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
anemia): ... ) - HELLP syndrome ... uremic syndrome ... idiopathic) - Autoimmune ... #anemia
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) Treatment ... #Hemolytic #Anemia ... #AIHA #Treatment ... #management #hematology
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Intravascular Hemolysis ... Cold AIHA • Alloimmune ... Drug-induced AIHA - Abnormal ... anemia • ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... Membrane): - Autoimmune ... Drug-associated, PCH, Evans Syndrome ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... Blood Smear ↑ abnormal
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Inflammatory and Autoimmune ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis
Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis):
 • Acute infection
 • Solid organ
malignancies • Anemia ... iron deficiency, hemolysis ... disorders (e.g. autoimmune ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Causes #hematology