21 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm Signs ... Hemolysis: • Autoimmune ... Hemolytic #Anemias #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Cutaneous and Systemic Findings in Dermatomyositis
Cutaneous Findings:
 - Heliotrope sign and edema
 - Nail-fold changes
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Cutaneous and Systemic ... Systemic Findings ... - Interstitial lung ... #Cutaneous #Systemic ... Dermatomyositis #Diagnosis #Rheumatology
Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
Multi-system autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy and progressive fibrosis of skin and internal organs
3
autoimmune disease ... elbows/wrists and knees ... skin thickening Signs ... (interstitial lung ... Scleroderma #SSc #rheumatology
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Clinical Features of Systemic ... effusion, Restrictive lung ... defect (rare) Raynaud's ... erythematosus #signs ... symptoms #diagnosis #rheumatology
Autoimmune Myositis
Necrotizing myopathy is associated with higher CK levels, greater level of muscle weakness, less systemic
Autoimmune Myositis ... weakness, less systemic ... heliotrope rash, Shaw sign ... , holster sign, ... Myositis #diagnosis #rheumatology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Diagnosis
Manifestations:
 - Arthritis 69%
 - Malar rash 40%
 - Fever 36%
 -
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ... Myositis 4% - Lung ... (aPL) 30-45% Differential ... autoantibodies #signs ... #rheumatology
Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA)
ANA or Anti-NucIear Antibody refers to antibodies against antigens in the nucleus → like
technique used to detect ... Positive ANA ≠ Autoimmune ... Thyroid, Autoimmune ... ANA #patterns #rheumatology ... #diagnosis #differential
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
approximately how long ... • Hemolysis: Autoimmune ... Intrinsic RBC defects ... Production #Index #hematology ... #anemia #differential
Inflammatory Myopathies
Dermatomyositis
 • Onset: Subacute
 • Pattern: Proximal
 • CK: Up to 50X ULN
 • Autoantibodies:
heliotrope, shawl sign ... exclusion Necrotizing Autoimmune ... Inflammatory #Myopathies #differential ... diagnosis #comparison #rheumatology
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
Affects 1:25,000 ... • Chronic lung ... : Pneumonia • Autoimmune ... hemolytic anemia) • Systemic ... hypogammaglobulinemia #immunology #hematology