36 results
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... dys- (abnormal) -plastic ... old, ~10,000 new cases ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... #hematology #oncology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Aplastic Anemia ... • Aplastic anemia ... anemia Treatment ... #Anemia #oncology ... #hematology #diagnosis
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 
Decreased Megakaryopoiesis
 • Aplastic Anemia
 • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Causes of Thrombocytopenia ... Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic ... Anemia • Toxic ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome ... #Hematology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Spurious:
 • Artifact (redo CBC)
Autonomous:
 • Essential thrombocytosis
 • Polycythemia
Causes of Thrombocytosis ... disorders • Celiac disease ... effect following treatment ... Iron deficiency anemia ... #Hematology
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Deficiency • Aplastic ... AnemiaAnemia ... of Chronic Disease ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Pancytopenia - Workup and Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Consumption Disorders
 1. Autoimmune Mediated Pancytopenia
 2. Splenic Sequestration
Peripheral Destruction
HLH syndrome 5. ... FISH • Acquired Aplastic ... Anemia • Hypoplastic ... Metastatic Disease ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Hematology
Pancytopenia - Workup and Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Consumption Disorders
 1. Autoimmune Mediated Pancytopenia
 2. Splenic Sequestration
Peripheral Destruction
HLH syndrome 5 ... FISH • Acquired Aplastic ... Anemia • Hypoplastic ... Metastatic Disease ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Hematology
Multiple Myeloma and Monoclonal Gammopathies
C - HyperCalcemia- calcium > 11 mg/dL / >1 mg/dL the ULN
R
40 ml/min A - Anemia ... Causes of false- ... plasmacytoma, POEMs syndrome ... MGUS #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
chronic kidney disease ... Alcohol use, Liver disease ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #hematology