34 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
- Differential Diagnosis ... anemia) • G-CSF ... Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... • Discontinued diuretic ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Diuresis in Critical Care - Achieving a Negative Fluid Balance
Advantages Of A Negative Fluid Balance:
 •
in the later (e.g ... CONCENTRATION MEDICATIONS ... aldosterone states (CHF ... Early nephrologv ... Fluid #Balance #management
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Algorithm Syndrome ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... especially thiazide diuretics ... Reduced GFR, AKI/CRF ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Algorithm Syndrome ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... especially thiazide diuretics ... Reduced GFR, AKI/CRF ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Diagnostic Algorithm for the Patient with Seizure in the Emergency Department
Does the history suggest a seizure?
Diagnostic Algorithm ... additional symptoms (eg ... speech abnormality, etc ... Postictal state #Algorithm ... #management #Neurology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... > 30): SIADH, Medications ... (diuretics), Hypothyroidism ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... volume loss - diuretics ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Correction
1. Indications for Hypertonic Saline: seizure, coma, focal findings
   - typically occurs with
Indications for ... 3cc/kg/h, loop diuretics ... desmopressin MH/CCF ... Correction #goal #rate #management ... #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... irrigation • Management ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Etiology: • Medications ... Na delivery): CHF ... heparinized tube) • ECG ... Elimination (see Table ... #potassium #nephrology