71 results
Autoantibodies and their Disease Associations
ANA - Non-specific; common in SLE, autoimmune hepatitis
Anti-CCP, Rheumatoid factor - RA
Anti-dsDNA
Autoantibodies and their Disease ... - Vasculitis, e.g ... - Vasculitis, e.g ... (TTG) - Celiac disease ... #Associations #diseases
Causes of Splenomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infectious
 • Bacterial
 • Viral (EBV)
 • Parasitic
 • Fungal
Congestive
• Thrombus (e.g ... • Gaucher's Disease ... Glycogen Storage Disease ... Myeloproliferative disorders (eg ... • Sickle Cell Disease
Nail Disorders secondary to Systemic Diseases
Nail Fold Abnormality
 • SLE
 • Scleroderma
 • Dermatomyositis
Koilonychia - Spoon-shaped
Diseases Nail ... disease severe ... halt nail growth (e.g ... Medications • Wilson's disease ... • Nephrotic syndrome
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... May be 10 (eg direct ... damage from systemic ... #Glomerular #Diseases ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... • Primary GNs: Disease ... Secondary GNs: Due to systemic ... disease or drugs ... e.g.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Summary
Antinuclear (ANA) - 95% - Initial screening test
Anti-dsDNA - 50%
 • Associated
with more severe disease ... Used to monitor disease ... with more severe disease ... Treatment: • Mild disease ... azathioprine • Severe disease
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
mainly AQP4-lgG disease ... (e.g. oculomotor ... mainly MOG-lgG disease ... (AQP4-lgG disease ... ; e.g. narcolepsy
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
highly inflammatory disease ... Adult-onset Still disease ... of underlying disease ... (eg, systemic juvenile ... • Infection (eg
Causes of Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) - Differential Diagnosis
 • Infection: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis, Abscess, Endocarditis,
Infected thrombosis, (e.g ... (e.g. autoimmune ... onset Still's disease ... dysfunction, Castleman disease ... , Kikuchi disease
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
(usually IgG) (e.g ... (usually IgM) (e.g ... cold agglutin disease ... . sickle cell disease ... Hypersplenism, Wilson's disease