Entresto hfref deficiency

$Congestive Heart Failure - Causes, Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis • Dilated Cardiomyopathy • Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy$

Cardiomyopathy HFrEF ... Infectious • Other HFpEF ... Diagnosis #cardiology #HFrEF ... #HFpEF #CHF

$Algorithm for screening/diagnosis and treatment/follow‐up of iron deficiency in patients with chronic heart failure. Hb, haemoglobin;$

follow‐up of iron deficiency ... , haemoglobin; HFrEF ... saturation #Iron #Deficiency ... Management #Diagnosis #HFrEF

Diagnostic Algorithm for Treatment of Iron Deficiency in Patients With Heart Failure

Consensus Recommendations

#Iron #Deficiency

Treatment of Iron Deficiency ... Recommendations #Iron #Deficiency ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #HFrEF

Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure - Diagnosis and Treatment Algorithm
Diagnosis: Ferritin <100 ng/mL (absolute ID) OR

Iron Deficiency ... Ill HF with iron deficiency ... patients with HFrEF ... and iron deficiency ... #CHF #HFrEF #heartfailure

Heart Failure (HFrEF) Treatment - GDMT for stage C

For patients with Heart Failure with REDUCED

Heart Failure (HFrEF ... Ejection Fraction (HFrEF ... patients with HFrEF ... second-line include Entresto ... #HeartFailure #HFrEF

Stable Angina, HFpEF ... , HFrEF, AFib, TAA

HFrEF - Low Ejection Fraction on Physical Exam - Likelihood Ratios
- Displaced Apical Impulse
-

HFrEF - Low Ejection ... Valsalva Response #HFrEF

Stages in the development of HF and recommended therapy by stage. ACEI indicates angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor;

heart failure; HFpEF ... ejection fraction; HFrEF

"Suggested management of chronic heart failure. Adapted from the 2016 European Society of Cardiology guidelines"-McMaster Textbook

Pharmacotherapy of HFrEF ... CHF #Management #HFrEF

Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation

Iron Deficiency ... alissa_shega #iron #deficiency ... #CHF #HFrEF #heartfailure

Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) - Guideline Directed Medical Therapy
• Beta-blocker
• ACE,

Ejection Fraction (HFrEF ... #Failure #CHF #HFrEF

$Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) Part 2 #clinical$

ejection fraction (HFrEF

CongestiveHeartFailure #Systolic #HFrEF

Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) - Guideline Directed Medical Therapy - Initiation Strategies

•

Ejection Fraction (HFrEF ... #Failure #CHF #HFrEF

$PAH vs. heart failure with preserved ejection fraction [HFpEF] #Diagnosis #Pulmonary #Hypertension #PAH #Comparison #Table #HFpEF #DiastolicCHF$

ejection fraction [HFpEF ... Comparison #Table #HFpEF

HFrEF: Guideline Directed Medical Therapy

"Must Be On"
• ACEI, ARB, or ARNI AND select Beta Blockers

HFrEF: Guideline ... American patients #hfref

Diagnosing Vitamin B12 and/or Folate Deficiency

It turns out that simply measuring serum levels of B12 or

and/or Folate Deficiency ... to diagnosis deficiency ... levels will be deficient ... accumulate in B12 deficiency ... tests for B12 deficiency

$Etiologies of dilated cardiomyopathy. HF, heart failure; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; HIV, human$

heart failure; HFrEF

The H2FPEF score and point allocations
for each clinical characteristic (top), with
associated probability of having heart failure
with

ejection fraction (HFpEF ... #H2FPEF #HFPEF #

Pathophysiological mechanisms of diastolic heart failure HFpEF and possible therapeutic interventions.
Hypertension → Overload
Diabetes → Oxidative stress,

heart failure HFpEF ... heartfailure #dchf #hfpef

Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
• Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma

Pericarditis, CAD, HFrEF ... /HFpEF, Intracardiac

2017 ACC/AHA/HFSA Focused Update of the 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A

Society of America #HFrEF

Effects of Insulin Deficiency ... #Insulin #Deficiency

@DharSaty #HFrEF

Index 2.6-4.2 HFrEF

Selected Clinical Trials of SGLT2 inhibitors in CVD and CKD
EMPA-REG OUTCOME - Empagliflozin lowered CV events

HF outcomes in HFrEF ... HF outcomes in HFrEF

Iron Deficiency - Pathophysiology, Signs and Symptoms

#Iron #Deficiency #Pathophysiology #diagnosis #Signs #Symptoms

Iron Deficiency ... Symptoms #Iron #Deficiency

Prothrombin Time (PT) and Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT)

Prothrombin Time (PT) - Often Elevated in:
• Vitamin

• Vitamin K deficiency ... • Factor VII deficiency ... Factor XI, IX, VIII deficiency ... II, fibrinogen deficiency

Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,

Ejection Fraction (HFrEF ... *Chronic HFrEF may ... Jcortesizaguirr #HFrEF

Echocardiography
Right ventricular function can be assessed using several methods and echocardiography is generally the first‐line tool

prognostic value in HFpEF ... hospitalizations in HFpEF

Pathophysiology of Iron Deficiency in CKD

Dr. Muner Mohamed @MunerMohamed1

#Iron #Deficiency #CKD #Pathophysiology #nephrology

Pathophysiology of Iron Deficiency ... MunerMohamed1 #Iron #Deficiency

Workup for Vitamin B12 and Folate Deficiency

#Workup #VitaminB12 #Folate #Deficiency #FolicAcid #Diagnosis #Macrocytosis #MacrocyticAnemia #Algorithm

B12 and Folate Deficiency ... VitaminB12 #Folate #Deficiency

Sacubitril/ Valsartan (Entresto ... #Sacubitril #Entresto

Causes of Pediatric Diarrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infectious:
• Viral
• Bacterial
• Parasitic
Malabsorption:
• Lactase

Malabsorption: • Lactase Deficiency ... Primary Immuno-Deficiency ... Dissacharidase Deficiency

C5-C9 Deficiency - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Note:
• Risk of invasive meningococcal disease is 1000-10000x higher

C5-C9 Deficiency ... higher in C5-C9 deficiency ... population • C5-C9 deficient ... meningitis in C5-C9 deficiency ... cell C5-C9 deficiency

Methylmalonic Acid and Homocysteine Levels in Vitamin B12 and Folate Deficiency
• B12 Deficiency: MMA elevated,

B12 and Folate Deficiency ... • B12 Deficiency ... elevated • Folate Deficiency ... #MMA #folate #deficiency

Abnormal Lipid Profiles - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Increased Cholesterol and Triglycerides
- Genetic Causes

• Apo-A1 Deficiency ... Disease • LCAT Deficiency ... 100 • LDLr deficiency ... • Familial LPL Deficiency ... • Apo-Cll Deficiency

Summary of Coagulation Deficiencies
Inherited:
• Hemophilia A - Deficiency of Factor VIII
• Hemophilia B -

Hemophilia A - Deficiency ... Hemophilia B - Deficiency ... • Vitamin K Deficiency ... diagnosis #hematology #deficiency

Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute Thiamine (B1) Deficiency
Clinical Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 out of 4):

Thiamine (B1) Deficiency ... dysfunction - Dietary deficiency ... #Thiamine #B1 #Deficiency

Severe Heart Failure & Cardiogenic Shock - Management Checklist
Evaluation
- EKG & echocardiography

another option in HFrEF ... milrinone) for HFrEF ... With chronic AF, HFrEF

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