35 results
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... renal potassium excretion ... Normal, Renin High ... #Diagnosis #algorithm
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
and sodium • Dosing ... binds magnesium • Dosing ... and calcium • Dosing ... patients sensitive to high ... #pharmacology #table
Hyperkalemia Management Algorithm
 • Treat the cause & optimize hemodynamics and ventilation
 • Reconsider treatment leadingto
Algorithm • Treat ... • Reconsider treatment ... + Shift 3) K+ Excretion ... #treatment #potassium ... #high
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Clenching of fist during ... phlebotomy High ... Impaired Renal Excretion ... causes #potassium #high
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Primary - Under-excretion ... Drug-induced • High ... Secondary - Under-excretion ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... deficiency, Salt-losing ... antidiuretic hormone secretion ... Hypervolemia, ... renal failure Hypervolemia
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Clenching of fist during ... phlebotomy High ... Impaired Renal Excretion ... causes #potassium #high
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... • ↓ Renal K+ Excretion ... suggests ↓ renal excretion ... Elimination (see Table ... Redistribution Treatments
Orthostatic Hypotension Management Algorithm
 • Hypovolemic?  Yes → Resuscitate
 • Volume Overloaded? No → Fludrocortisone
Hypotension Management Algorithm ... sodium and water excretion ... during the night ... tension of the thigh ... #treatment
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
urinary calcium excretion ... hypercalciuria, Hypercalcemia ... urinary calcium excretion ... Mycoplasma infections, High ... - Antiviral treatment