32 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... Pseudo-hyperaldosteronism: exogenous ... diagnosis #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology #potassium
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... lysis syndrome • Metabolic ... blockers - MCW Nephrology ... MCW_Nephrology #HyperKalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Secondary Causes ... Steroids (Cushing's, exogenous ... Unilateral RAS Metabolic ... • Hypercalcemia ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Low intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Pseudo-hyperaldosteronism: exogenous ... Gitelman's syndrome #Hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Metabolic alkalosis ... NephTwitter) #Hypokalemia ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Hypokalemia ... Hyperkalemia ... aniongap #NonGap #Metabolic ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... renal failure Hypervolemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
inversely related to glomerular ... rate by tubulo-glomerular ... metabolic acidosis ... metabolic alkalosis ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Causes of Chronic ... Atherosclerosis Glomerular ... Hyperoxaluria • Hypercalcemia ... KidneyDisease #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes